Castanospermum australe
EOL Text
australe: southern
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten, Petra Ballings, Flora of Zimbabwe |
| Source | http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/cult/species.php?species_id=166180 |
"Maharashtra: Kolhapur Kerala: All districts Tamil Nadu: Dindigul, Theni"
E Australia
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten, Petra Ballings, Flora of Zimbabwe |
| Source | http://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/cult/species.php?species_id=166180 |
Cultivated in the gardens of Pakistan; native of Queensland and New South Wales in Australia.
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | eFloras.org Copyright © Missouri Botanical Garden |
| Source | http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=5&taxon_id=220002434 |
Tree, c. 15 m tall; bark dark brown. Leaf imparipinnate, 30-45 cm long; leaflets 11-17, c. 7.5-15 cm long, 5-6 cm broad, elliptic-oblong, glabrous. Inflorescence a raceme, arising from the old wood. Flowers yellow to orange-red. Pedicel c. 16-22 mm long. Calyx cup shaped, teeth obtuse. Vexillum c. 3 cm long. Fruit c. 20-22.5 cm long, c. 5 cm wide, turgid, woody, spongy inside between the seeds.
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | eFloras.org Copyright © Missouri Botanical Garden |
| Source | http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=5&taxon_id=220002434 |
Perennial, Trees, Woody throughout, Stems erect or ascending, Stems greater than 2 m tall, Stems solid, Stems or young twigs glabrous or sparsely glabrate, Leaves alternate, Leaves petiolate, Stipules deciduous, Stipules free, Leaves compound, Leaves odd pinnate, Leaf or leaflet margins entire, Leaflets opposite, Leaflets 10-many, Leaves glabrous or nearly so, Inflorescences racemes, Inflorescence axillary, Bracts very small, absent or caducous, Flowers zygomorphic, Calyx 5-lobed, Petals separate, Corolla papilionaceous, Petals clawed, Petals orange or yellow, Banner petal ovoid or obovate, Banner petal suborbicular, broadly rounded, Wing petals narrow, oblanceolate to oblong, Stamens 9-10, Stamens completely free, separate, Filaments glabrous, Style terete, Fruit a legume, F ruit stipitate, Fruit unilocular, Fruit freely dehiscent, Fruit elongate, straight, Fruit oblong or ellipsoidal, Fruit coriaceous or becoming woody, Fruit exserted from calyx, Fruit glabrous or glabrate, Fruit 3-10 seeded, Seeds embedded in gummy or spongy pulp, Seeds ovoid to rounded in outline, Seed surface smooth, Seeds olive, brown, or black.
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Compiled from several sources by Dr. David Bogler, Missouri Botanical Garden in collaboration with the USDA NRCS NPDC |
| Source | http://npdc.usda.gov/technical/plantid_wetland_mono.html |
Habit: Tree
The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 2
Specimens with Barcodes: 10
Species With Barcodes: 1
| Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz) | |
|---|---|
| Energy | 1,425 kJ (341 kcal) |
|
62.36 g
|
|
| Sugars | 2.12 g |
| Dietary fiber | 15.2 g |
|
1.42 g
|
|
|
21.60 g
|
|
| Vitamins | |
| Vitamin C |
(0%)
0.0 mg |
| Trace metals | |
| Calcium |
(12%)
123 mg |
| Magnesium |
(48%)
171 mg |
| Phosphorus |
(50%)
352 mg |
| Potassium |
(32%)
1483 mg |
| Sodium |
(0%)
5 mg |
|
|
| Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults. Source: USDA Nutrient Database |
|
Castanospermum australe (Moreton Bay Chestnut or Blackbean), the only species in the genus Castanospermum,[2][3] is a flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to the east coast of Australia in Queensland and New South Wales, and to the Pacific islands of Vanuatu and New Caledonia.
Growth[edit]
It is a large evergreen tree growing to 40 metres (130 ft) tall, though commonly much smaller. The leaves are 15 centimetres (5.9 in) long and 6–7 centimetres (2.4–2.8 in) broad, pinnate, with 11-15 leaflets. The flowers are bicoloured red and yellow, 3–4 centimetres (1.2–1.6 in) long, produced in racemes 6 centimetres (2.4 in) long. The fruit is a cylindrical pod 12–20 centimetres (4.7–7.9 in) long and 4–6 centimetres (1.6–2.4 in) diameter, the interior divided by a spongy substance into one to five cells, each of which contains a large chestnut-like seed.
Uses[edit]
The seeds are poisonous, but become edible when carefully prepared by pounding into flour, leaching with water, and roasting. The timber, which somewhat resembles walnut, is soft, fine-grained, and takes a good polish, but is not durable.
-
Castanospermum australe flower
-
Small C. australe tree
-
Mature pod and seeds
References[edit]
- Australian National Botanic Gardens: Castanospermum australe
- Bush Tucker Plants: Moreton Bay Chestnut
- Plants for a Future: Castanospermum australe
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
- ^ Cardoso D, Pennington RT, de Queiroz LP, Boatwright JS, Van Wyk B-E, Wojciechowski MF, Lavin M. (2013). "Reconstructing the deep-branching relationships of the papilionoid legumes". S Afr J Bot 89: 58–75. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2013.05.001.
- ^ "ILDIS LegumeWeb entry for Castanospermum". International Legume Database & Information Service. Cardiff School of Computer Science & Informatics. Retrieved 30 January 2014.
- ^ USDA; ARS; National Genetic Resources Program. "GRIN species records of Castanospermum". Germplasm Resources Information Network—(GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved 30 January 2014. Cite uses deprecated parameter
|author-separator=(help)
 |
Wikispecies has information related to: Castanospermum |
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Castanospermum. |
 |
This Faboideae-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
 |
This Australian rosid article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Wikipedia |
| Source | http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Castanospermum&oldid=647742055 |