Euonymus
EOL Text
Foodplant / open feeder
caterpillar of Abraxas grossulariata grazes on live leaf of Euonymus
Remarks: season: 4-6
Other: minor host/prey
Foodplant / gall
Agrobacterium tumefaciens causes gall of stem (esp. base) of Euonymus
Foodplant / sap sucker
densely clustered Aphis fabae sucks sap of often stunted, curled shoot (young) of Euonymus
Remarks: season: early spring
Foodplant / spinner
caterpillar of Cacoecimorpha pronubana spins live leaf of Euonymus
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed, often loosely grouped perithecium of Diaporthe eres is saprobic on wood of Euonymus
Foodplant / saprobe
immersed, stromatic perithecium of Eutypella scoparia is saprobic on dead branch of Euonymus
Remarks: season: 1-4
Foodplant / saprobe
effuse colony of Helminthosporium dematiaceous anamorph of Helminthosporium velutinum is saprobic on fallen, dead branch of Euonymus
Foodplant / open feeder
nocturnal adult of Otiorhynchus sulcatus grazes on leaf (edge) of Euonymus
Other: major host/prey
In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / sap sucker
hypophyllous Pulvinaria floccifera sucks sap of live leaf of Euonymus
Foodplant / spot causer
Strawberry Latent Ringspot virus causes spots on live leaf of Euonymus
Remarks: Other: uncertain
Foodplant / sap sucker
hypophyllous male of Unaspis euonymi sucks sap of live leaf of Euonymus
Other: minor host/prey
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | BioImages, BioImages - the Virtual Fieldguide (UK) |
| Source | http://www.bioimages.org.uk/html/Euonymus.htm |
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) Stats
Specimen Records:219
Specimens with Sequences:418
Specimens with Barcodes:319
Species:45
Species With Barcodes:45
Public Records:64
Public Species:33
Public BINs:0
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 0
Specimens with Barcodes: 2
Species With Barcodes: 1
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 0
Specimens with Barcodes: 2
Species With Barcodes: 1
Collection Sites: world map showing specimen collection locations for Euonymus
Euonymus /juːˈɒnɪməs/, often called spindle or spindle tree,[2] is a genus of flowering plants in the staff vine family, Celastraceae. It comprises about 130 species[3][4] of deciduous and evergreen shrubs and small trees. They are mostly native to East Asia, extending to the Himalayas,[5] and they are also distributed in Europe, Australasia, North America, and Madagascar. 50 species are endemic to China.[3]
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Description[edit]
The flowers occur in small groups, inconspicuous and of green or yellow shades.[5] The leaves are opposite (rarely alternate) and simple ovoid, typically 2–15 cm long, and usually with a finely serrated margin. The fruit is a pink-red four- or five-valved pod-like berry, which splits open to reveal the fleshy-coated orange seeds.
The seeds are eaten by frugivorous birds, which digest the fleshy seed coat and disperse the seeds in their droppings. Many species are used for medicinal use, and parts of the plants can be poisonous to humans.[6]
Cultivation and uses[edit]
The wood of some species was traditionally used for the making of spindles for spinning wool; this use is the origin of the English name of the shrubs.
Spindles are popular garden shrubs, grown for their foliage, the deciduous species often exhibiting very bright red autumnal colours, and also for the decorative berries.
Diversity[edit]
Species include:[7]
References[edit]
- ^ "Genus: Euonymus L.". Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-10-05. Retrieved 2010-10-02.
- ^ Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607
- ^ a b Euonymus. Flora of China.
- ^ a b c d Du, C., et al. (2013). Revision of three species of Euonymus (Celastraceae) from China. Phytotaxa 109(1) 45-53.
- ^ a b Botanica: The Illustrated A-Z of over 10000 Garden Plants and How to Cultivate Them. Könemann, 2004. pg. 358. ISBN 3-8331-1253-0
- ^ Plants for a Future: Euonymus europaeus
- ^ Euonymus Species List. Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 2013-07-04.
- ^ a b "Euonymus". The Plant List. Retrieved 16 May 2014.
- ^ a b c d Ma, J. (1998). New species of Asian Euonymus (Celastraceae). Harvard Papers in Botany 3(2) 231-37.
| License | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ |
| Rights holder/Author | Wikipedia |
| Source | http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Euonymus&oldid=641360677 |